Englisch Sprachschule Münster
Present Past Perfect / Simple & Progressive 1
Present Past Perfect / Simple & Progressive 1 | Sprachschule Münster
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1. They ______ French since last summer. Their progress is impressive.
have been learning
a) have been learning
b) learned
2. She ______ a cake for the party. It smells great.
is baking
a) bakes
b) is baking
3. He ______ every morning. It keeps him fit.
runs
a) runs
b) ran
4. They ______ a football match last night. It was exciting.
watched
a) watches
b) watched
5. I ______ this book for days. It’s really long.
have been reading
a) have been reading
b) read
6. They ______ about their plans yesterday.
talked
a) talk
b) talked
7. We ______ lunch already. We’re not hungry now.
have eaten
a) have eaten
b) ate
8. She ______ tea this morning. It was refreshing.
drank
a) drinks
b) drank
9. The teacher ______ the lesson clearly. The students understand well.
explains
a) explains
b) explained
10. He ______ for an hour. He looks exhausted.
has been running
a) has been running
b) ran
11. She ______ an email to her boss. She hopes for a reply soon.
has written
a) has written
b) wrote
12. They ______ chess in the park before. They like the atmosphere.
have played
a) have played
b) played
13. The baby ______ a lot last night. His mother stayed awake with him.
cried
a) cries
b) cried
14. The sun ______ brightly in summer. It gets very hot.
shines
a) shines
b) shone
15. She ______ fresh vegetables at the market. She prefers organic food.
buys
a) buys
b) bought
16. We ______ to go hiking last weekend. It was a spontaneous choice.
decided
a) decided
b) decide
17. They ______ their grandparents this afternoon. They miss them.
are visiting
a) visit
b) are visiting
18. The baby ______ three times today. He might be sick.
has cried
a) has cried
b) cried
19. We ______ lunch together yesterday. It was delicious.
ate
a) eat
b) ate
20. They ______ for hours. They seem to have a lot to say.
have been talking
a) have been talking
b) talked
21. She ______ an email last night. It was a long one.
wrote
a) writes
b) wrote
22. They ______ in a small town. They enjoy the quiet life.
live
a) live
b) lived
23. She ______ the piano now. She practices every evening.
is playing
a) plays
b) is playing
24. The sun ______ all week. It’s been great weather.
has shone
a) has shone
b) shone
25. He ______ basketball on Saturday. He enjoys it as a hobby.
played
a) plays
b) played
26. They ______ dinner when the power went out. It was a quiet evening.
were eating
a) ate
b) were eating
27. She finally ______ her dream. She worked hard to reach it.
achieved
a) achieved
b) achieves
28. The phone ______ while she was cooking. She answered it quickly.
rang
a) rang
b) was ringing
29. We ______ French for years. We are almost fluent.
have learned
a) have learned
b) learned
30. He ______ on his car when it broke down. He needed to fix the engine.
was working
a) worked
b) was working
31. They ______ their grandparents many times. They love going there.
have visited
a) have visited
b) visited
32. The children ______ in the pool. They seem to be having fun.
are
a) are
b) were
33. They ______ movies for hours. They love film marathons.
have been watching
a) have been watching
b) watched
34. The teacher ______ this topic before. She will do it again.
has explained
a) has explained
b) explained
35. He ______ in several marathons. He loves the sport.
has run
a) has run
b) ran
36. She ______ all morning. The kitchen is a mess.
has been baking
a) has been baking
b) baked
37. The sun ______ all day yesterday. It was a beautiful day.
shone
a) shines
b) shone
38. The team ______ their victory. They went out for dinner afterward.
celebrated
a) celebrated
b) celebrate
39. She ______ a book in the garden. She enjoys the fresh air while reading.
is reading
a) reads
b) is reading
40. They ______ the latest football match. They enjoyed it a lot.
have watched
a) have watched
b) watched
41. He ______ to finish his school project by tomorrow.
wants
a) wants
b) wanted
42. The baby ______ when he is hungry. His mother comforts him.
cries
a) cries
b) cried
43. We ______ around the campfire. We shared stories and laughed.
were sitting
a) sat
b) were sitting
44. They ______ in the cafe for hours. They must be deep in conversation.
have been sitting
a) have been sitting
b) sat
45. He ______ English at the university. He enjoys his job.
teaches
a) teaches
b) taught
46. She ______ tea all day. She loves herbal flavors.
has been drinking
a) has been drinking
b) drank
47. They ______ video games. They stopped when I arrived.
were playing
a) played
b) were playing
48. He ______ his car for three hours. It’s still not working.
has been fixing
a) has been fixing
b) fixed
49. We ______ out a lot lately. We need to cook at home more.
have been eating
a) have been eating
b) ate
50. She ______ tea every morning. It’s part of her daily routine.
drinks
a) drinks
b) drank
Short Grammar Explanation
1. Simple Present (Einfache Gegenwart)
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Form: Grundform des Verbs (bei der 3. Person Singular wird -s oder -es angehängt).
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Verwendung: Beschreibt Gewohnheiten, Routinen, allgemeine Wahrheiten oder Fakten.
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Erkennungsmerkmale:
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- Time expressions like: every day, often, always, usually (Zeitangaben wie: jeden Tag, oft, immer, nie, normalerweise)
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Beispiel: She walks to the park daily. (Sie geht täglich in den Park.)
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Das Verb steht in der Grundform (oder bei he/she/it mit -s/-es).
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2. Present Perfect (Perfekt)
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Form: has/have + past participle (3. Verbform).
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Verwendung: Beschreibt Handlungen oder Erfahrungen, die zu einem unbestimmten Zeitpunkt in der Vergangenheit passiert sind oder bis in die Gegenwart andauern.
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Erkennungsmerkmale:
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Zeitangaben wie: already, ever, never, so far, yet, just, since, for (schon, jemals, niemals, bisher, noch nicht, gerade, seit, für).
-
Beispiel: She has read two books this week. (Sie hat diese Woche zwei Bücher gelesen.)
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Suche nach den Hilfsverben has/have, gefolgt vom Partizip Perfekt des Hauptverbs (written, eaten, played).
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Explanation of "recently" and "just"
Both "recently" and "just" are adverbs used with the present perfect and present perfect progressive to show when an action happened, but they have slightly different meanings and usage.
1. "Just"
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Meaning: "Just" is used to indicate that an action happened very shortly before now—a few moments, minutes, or even seconds ago.
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Typical Tense: Present Perfect (have/has + past participle)
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Examples:
-
He has just finished his homework. (He finished a moment ago.)
-
I have just eaten lunch. (I finished eating very recently.)
-
She has just left the office. (She left a few moments ago.)
-
Key Idea: "Just" emphasizes that something happened a very short time ago and is still relevant.
2. "Recently"
-
Meaning: "Recently" is used when an action happened not long ago, but the exact time is less specific. It could be minutes, hours, days, or even weeks ago—as long as it’s still relevant to the present.
-
Typical Tenses: Present Perfect (have/has + past participle) & Present Perfect Progressive (have/has been + -ing)
-
Examples:
-
He has recently started a new job. (Not long ago, he began working.)
-
We have recently moved to a new apartment. (Sometime in the past few weeks or months, we moved.)
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She has been feeling tired recently. (Lately, she has felt more tired than usual.)
-
Key Idea: "Recently" refers to a short but undefined period in the past, and the action is still relevant to the present.
Comparison in a Sentence:
-
"I have just finished my book." (I finished it a few moments ago.)
-
"I have recently finished my book." (I finished it not long ago, but I don't specify exactly when.)
The sentence "He has been running for an hour. He looks exhausted." uses the present perfect progressive (continuous) tense because it describes an action that started in the past and continued up until recently (or may still be happening).
-
"He has been running for an hour" tells us that the running lasted for some time (an hour) and has just ended or is very close to ending.
-
"He looks exhausted" shows the result of this action—he is no longer running, but we can still see the effects (tiredness).
The present perfect progressive is used when we want to emphasize the duration of an action and its visible consequences in the present.
Here are more examples of "just" and "recently" in different contexts:
1. "Just" – (Very Shortly Before Now)
a) Present Perfect (have/has + past participle)
-
She has just arrived at the airport. (She got there a moment ago.)
-
I have just woken up. (I woke up a few minutes ago.)
-
They have just finished their meeting. (The meeting ended moments ago.)
-
We have just bought a new car. (We bought it very recently, probably today.)
-
He has just left the house. (He walked out the door a moment ago.)
b) Present Perfect Progressive (have/has been + -ing)
-
She has just been talking to her boss. (She finished speaking moments ago.)
-
We have just been discussing that topic. (We were talking about it, and we only stopped a second ago.)
-
I have just been thinking about you! (I was thinking about you a moment ago.)
2. "Recently" – (A Short Time Ago, but Less Specific)
a) Present Perfect (have/has + past participle)
-
I have recently changed jobs. (It happened sometime in the past few weeks or months.)
-
She has recently started a new fitness program. (She started it not long ago.)
-
They have recently visited their grandparents. (They went there a short time ago.)
-
My brother has recently passed his driving test. (He passed, but we don’t specify exactly when.)
-
We have recently moved to a bigger apartment. (It happened not long ago.)
b) Present Perfect Progressive (have/has been + -ing)
-
She has recently been studying for her exams. (She started studying not long ago and is still doing it.)
-
They have recently been looking for a new house. (They started looking a short time ago and are still searching.)
-
I have recently been feeling very tired. (I started feeling this way a short time ago and still do.)
-
We have recently been planning a vacation. (We started planning not long ago and are still working on it.)
Comparison of "Just" and "Recently" in the Same Sentence
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I have just finished my coffee. (A moment ago.)
-
I have recently finished my coffee. (Not long ago, but I don’t say exactly when.)
-
She has just called me. (A second ago.)
-
She has recently called me. (A short time ago, but we don’t specify when.)
-
They have just returned from their trip. (They arrived home moments ago.)
-
They have recently returned from their trip. (They came back a short time ago, but we don’t know exactly when.)
Key Takeaways
-
Use "just" when something happened very shortly before now (a few seconds or minutes ago).
-
Use "recently" when something happened not long ago, but the exact time is less specific.